ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯋꯥꯇꯔꯞꯔꯨꯐ RFID ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯉꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ RFID (ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ) ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ, ꯃꯁꯛ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯖꯤꯜ ꯊꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯔꯛꯂꯦ꯫ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ RFID ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ , ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯄꯤꯜ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯊꯣꯏꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫.

RFID ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

RFID ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ RFID ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ, ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯛꯀꯤ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ RFID / NFC ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯅꯁꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

RFID ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ: ꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯌꯗꯕꯥ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ, ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏ , ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯒꯣꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ , ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯒꯥ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯌꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ-ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ: ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, UV ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯖꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫

ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ: ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ 13.56 MHz ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ , ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ ꯋꯥꯇꯔꯞꯔꯨꯐ RFID ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯌꯗꯕꯥ꯫

ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯌꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ RFID ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯣꯕꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ, ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯣꯇꯦꯜ ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯖꯤꯝ ꯃꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯞ ꯇꯦꯒꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫.

ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯗ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ꯫

ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯕꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯒꯣ, ꯃꯆꯨ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯁꯣꯅꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯃꯞꯂꯣꯌꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯗ ꯚꯤꯖꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ , ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯁꯥꯏꯇꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯤ ꯅꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ , QR ꯀꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ , ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯥꯔꯀꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯕꯁꯨ

ꯋꯥꯇꯔꯞꯔꯨꯐ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯦꯗꯔꯞꯔꯨꯐ ꯀꯦꯄꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯨꯄꯆꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯈꯅꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯝꯃꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯂꯁꯤꯡ , ꯕꯤꯆ ꯔꯤꯁꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ RFID ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫

RFID ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫

RFID ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ . ꯍꯣꯇꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯕꯤꯜꯗꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ, ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯖꯤꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯊꯣꯔꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯠꯔꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯖꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫.

ꯏꯚꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯀꯟꯁꯔꯠ, ꯑꯦꯀꯖꯤꯕꯤꯁꯟ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯅꯐꯔꯦꯟꯁꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯃꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯏꯚꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ RFID ꯔꯤꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯃꯂꯦꯁ ꯑꯦꯟꯠꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯚꯦꯅꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ , ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ RFID ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯕꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ-ꯇꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯄꯗꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ RFID ꯔꯤꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯍꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡ , ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯆꯦꯟ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫.

RFID ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫

RFID ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ RFID NFC ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯒ ꯈꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯗꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ , ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ RFID ꯔꯤꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫.

ꯂꯣ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ( LF ) ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯂꯣ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ( LF ) RFID ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ 125 kHzꯗꯒꯤ 134 kHz ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯁꯣꯔꯠ-ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯠꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯔꯤꯗꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ

ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ( HF ) ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ( HF ) ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ 13.56 MHz ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯐꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ NFC -ꯏꯅꯦꯕꯜ ꯗꯤꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ HF ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯃꯤꯇꯔ NFC HF ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ​​ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯄꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯄꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ , ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇꯂꯦꯁ ꯄꯦꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ .

ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥ-ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ( UHF ) ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯁꯤꯡ (ꯃꯤꯇꯔ 12 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ) ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ UHF 860-960 MHzꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥ-ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ( UHF ) ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯆꯦꯟ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇ , ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁꯇꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯄꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯕꯜꯀ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ꯫

RFID ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯕꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯕꯜꯀ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯀꯣꯅꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ, ꯑꯦꯖꯨꯀꯦꯁꯟ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯐꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯍꯩꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯒꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ RFID ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇꯔꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ RFID ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯐꯤꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯌꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯗꯦꯗ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯛ-ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯒ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯛꯔꯤꯄꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯐꯥꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯕꯥ ꯗꯨꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯏꯀꯣ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯗꯂꯤ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯏꯀꯣ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯗꯂꯤ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ . ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯦꯕꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯕꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯐꯨꯠꯞꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ RFID ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯤ꯫

ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯕ

ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯋꯥꯇꯔꯞꯔꯨꯐ RFID ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯐꯣꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ , ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯡ , ꯏꯚꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯗ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ , ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯕꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕꯤꯇꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ RFID ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ NFC ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯅꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯣꯗꯔꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫