|
Wallis-PVC takardar
Wallis
| Launi: | |
|---|---|
| Abu: | |
| fa'ida: | |
| Yawan: | |
Fim ɗin PVC da aka goge na bangon bango don fale-falen kayan daki yana haifar da tsayayyen gwal, azurfa, ko sigar ƙarfe na musamman ba tare da buƙatar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfe yana fuskantar ba. Fim ɗin kayan ado mai sassauƙa an haɓaka shi don ƙofofin majalisar, riguna, bangon bango, ɓangarori, kayan masarufi, kayan ofis, ɗakin otal, da sauran wuraren lanƙwasa na cikin gida.
Rubutun goga na jagora yana ƙara zurfin gani yayin da yake taimakawa masana'antun kayan daki su cimma daidaiton yanayin kamannin ƙarfe a cikin manyan batches na samarwa. Launi, jagorar gogewa, mai sheki, kauri, nisa, tsayin mirgine, jiyya na goyan baya, da fim ɗin kariya ana iya tattauna su bisa ga madaidaicin, kayan lamination, aikace-aikace, da buƙatun oda.
Nemi Samfurin Fim ɗin Karfe da aka goge
| Samfura | Fim ɗin Ado na Zinariya da Ƙarfe na Azurfa |
|---|---|
| Base Material | PVC ado fim |
| Matsayin Madaidaicin Launi | Gogaggen gwal da azurfa goga |
| Zaɓuɓɓukan Launi na Musamman | Zinare na Champagne, tagulla, jan karfe, zinari mai fure, gunmetal, da sauran sautunan ƙarfe waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin samfurin haɓakawa. |
| Zaɓuɓɓukan rubutu | Gogaggen jagora, layin gashi mai kyau, goge-goge, ko ƙirar ƙarfe na musamman dangane da tabbatar da samarwa |
| Kauri | Musamman bisa ga aikace-aikace da buƙatun sarrafawa |
| Nisa da Tsawon Juyi | Keɓance batun zuwa iyawar samarwa da ƙayyadaddun tsari |
| Hanyoyin sarrafawa | Lebur lamination, bayanan martaba, membrane ko matsawa, da sauran ingantattun matakan daki-daki |
| Substrates masu jituwa | MDF, plywood, allon barbashi, da sauran bangarori masu dacewa da kayan daki bayan m da gwajin tsari |
| Zaɓuɓɓukan Sama | Tufafin rigar kariya, mai jurewa, mai jurewa, juriya da danshi, da zaɓuɓɓuka masu sauƙin tsafta dangane da tabbatar da daraja |
| Aikace-aikace | Ministoci, ɗakunan tufafi, kofofi, bangon bango, kayan gyara kayan daki, nunin dillali, kayan ofis, da wuraren kasuwanci |
| Keɓancewa | Launi, abin goga, mai sheki, kauri, girma, jiyya na goyan baya, fim mai kariya, lakabi, da marufi |
Bayanin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai: Ginin ƙarshe da aikin ya dogara da zaɓaɓɓen fim ɗin fim, shafi, kauri, ƙasa, m, yanayin aiki, da yanayin da aka yi niyya. Tabbatar da duk buƙatun ta hanyar samfurin da aka yarda da gwajin samarwa kafin masana'anta da yawa.
Fim ɗin PVC da aka goge yana ƙirƙirar lafazin ƙarfe mai dumi wanda ya dace da manyan kabad, gaban tufafi, kayan ado na ado, bangon bango, kayan otal, nunin kayan adon, kayan kwalliya, da kayan alatu na cikin gida. Yana daidaitawa da kyau tare da baki, fari, launin toka mai dumi, marmara, itace mai duhu, goro, da ƙarancin tsaka tsaki.
Za'a iya daidaita sautin zinare daga zinare mai haske zuwa mafi laushin shampagne, tagulla, ko tasirin dumi-dumi. Saboda jagorar hasken wuta da goga suna tasiri sosai ga launi na ƙarfe, ya kamata a amince da bayyanar ƙarshe ta amfani da samfurin zahiri a ƙarƙashin hasken aikin da aka yi niyya.
Fim ɗin PVC na azurfa da aka goge yana ba da tasiri mai tsafta, fasaha, da ƙarfe na zamani don dafa abinci, tsarin ofis, riguna, kayan aikin kewaye, ɗakunan nuni, ɓangarori, da kayan kasuwanci na zamani. Yana haɗe ta halitta tare da fari, gawayi, kankare, gilashi, itace mai sanyi, shuɗi, da palette na ciki na monochrome.
Za a iya haɓaka ƙaƙƙarfan azurfa a cikin azurfa mai haske, bakin ƙarfe-wahayi, matte aluminum, gunmetal mai duhu, ko wasu kwatance na musamman. Ya kamata a bayyana launi da ake buƙata, tunani, da rubutu yayin yin samfuri don guje wa bambance-bambance tsakanin hotunan allo da ƙarewar bangarori.
Filayen kayan ado na PVC na iya haifar da tasirin gani mai goga-karfe yayin ƙara ƙarancin nauyi fiye da ƙaƙƙarfan takardar ƙarfe. Wannan na iya sauƙaƙa sarrafa kayan daki, rage kaya a kan kofofi da kayan aiki, da goyan bayan faffadan amfani da ƙarfe na ƙarfe a cikin manyan saman ciki.
Dangane da darajar fim da kauri, ana iya kimanta fim ɗin PVC na ƙarfe don lamination lebur, bayanan martaba, latsa membrane, da aikace-aikacen da aka zaɓa masu siffa. Sassaucin yana ba masana'antun ƙarin ƴancin ƙira fiye da tsayayyen saman ƙarfe, kodayake mafi ƙarancin radius da taga mai sarrafawa dole ne a inganta.
Sarrafa sarrafawa yana taimakawa kiyaye sautin ƙarfe mai maimaitawa da rubutu na jagora a cikin abubuwan da suka dace da kayan daki. Don kofofin da ke kusa da su ko bangarori, masana'antun ya kamata su yi amfani da kayan daga nau'in da aka yarda da su kuma su kula da daidaitaccen daidaitawar fim yayin yankan da lamination.
Fim ɗin PVC na ƙarfe na ƙarfe na iya taimakawa ƙirƙirar kayan kwalliyar ƙima ba tare da kafawa, yankan, ƙarewa ba, da jiyya na saman da ke da alaƙa da gine-ginen ƙarfe da yawa. Jimlar farashin har yanzu ya dogara da ƙayyadaddun fim, madauri, m, aiki, ƙarar samarwa, da aikin da ake buƙata.
Kyakkyawar rubutun layi yana haifar da siffa mai goga-karfe. Madaidaicin gashin gashi, goga mai faɗi, goge-goge, mara daidaituwa, ko tsari na musamman na iya haifar da tunani daban-daban da tasirin taɓawa. Yakamata a ayyana jagorar rubutu akan zane lokacin da bangarori da yawa dole ne su daidaita a gani.
Makiyoyin da aka zaɓa na iya haɗawa da jiyya mai karewa don inganta juriya ga tabo na yau da kullun, tsaftacewa, da zubar da haske. Hanyar gwajin da ake buƙata yakamata a bayyana yayin zance saboda sharuɗɗan kamar su juriya, juriya, da juriya na sinadarai na iya wakiltar matakan aiki daban-daban.
Fim ɗin kayan ado na PVC yana ba da wani wuri mara kyau wanda zai iya tsayayya da bayyanar danshi na cikin gida na al'ada. Koyaya, juriya da danshi na majalisar da aka gama ko panel shima ya dogara da maƙala, manne, gefuna, haɗin gwiwa, yanke, da shigarwa. Ayyukan yanki na rigar suna buƙatar hatimi a hankali da kuma cikakken gwajin panel.
Kwanciyar launi da haƙurin zafi sun bambanta ta launi, tsarin saman, shafi, manne, da yanayin fallasa. Masu saye ya kamata su samar da kewayon zafin jiki da ake tsammanin, nisa daga tushen zafi, bayyanar taga, da kuma gwajin UV ko tsufa da ake buƙata don a iya tantance darajar fim ɗin da ta dace.
Flat lamination ya dace da bangarori na majalisar, kofofin tufafi, sassan tebur, bangon bango, kayan sayar da kaya, da sauran abubuwan da aka gyara. Dole ne allon ya zama santsi, mai tsabta, bushewa, da tsayin daka saboda lahani a cikin ma'auni na iya kasancewa a bayyane ta saman ƙarfe.
Za a iya amfani da makin fim masu dacewa don ƙofofin MDF masu siffa da ɓangarorin da aka ƙera ta hanyar membrane ko matsi. Tsawanta fim ɗin, ɓarna rubutu, aikin kusurwa, zafin dumama, kunna manne, da sanyaya dole ne a duba yayin gwajin samarwa.
Rufe bayanan martaba na iya amfani da bayyanar da aka goge-karfe zuwa ga datsa, firam, gyare-gyare, gefuna, da zaɓaɓɓun bayanan martabar kayan daki. Goyan bayan fim ɗin, manne, lissafin bayanan martaba, saurin layi, matsa lamba, da yanayin zafi dole ne a daidaita su da tsari.
MDF: Ƙofofin majalisar, fale-falen fale-falen, gaban tufafi, da tsarin bangon bango.
Barbashi allo: lebur furniture bangarori, shelving, tebur, da kuma ajiya tsarin.
Plywood: zaɓaɓɓen kayan daki da bangarorin kasuwanci na ciki bayan shiri na saman.
Sauran abubuwan da ke da alaƙa: PVC, WPC, ƙarfe, ko filaye masu haɗaka ana iya kimanta su ta hanyar mannewa da gwajin tsari.
Gargaɗi na sarrafawa: Kar a taɓa ɗaukar mannewa daga sunan maɗaukaki kaɗai. Ƙarfin da ke sama, danshi, firamare, sutura, sinadarai mai ɗaure, zafin samarwa, matsa lamba, da yanayin sabis duk suna tasiri aikin haɗin gwiwa.
Azurfa da aka goge na iya tallafawa ingantaccen dafa abinci na zamani da riguna, yayin da gwal ɗin goga na iya gabatar da lafazin alatu mai dumi. Ana iya amfani da fim ɗin gabaɗayan gabaɗayan kofa ko azaman haɗin kai daki-daki tare da ƙaƙƙarfan launuka, hatsin itace, ƙirar marmara, gilashi, ko dutse.
Manyan fale-falen kayan ado na iya amfani da fim ɗin ƙarfe don ƙirƙirar bangon fasali, asalin liyafar liyafar, kewayen lif, lafazin layi, ɗakunan taro, wuraren cin abinci, da wuraren jama'a na otal. Ya kamata a shirya daidaitawa da haske kafin yanke panel.
Ƙarshen zinari da azurfa sun dace da ƙididdiga na kwaskwarima, nunin kayan ado, shagunan kayan ado, nunin kayan lantarki, nunin nuni, ɗakunan ajiya, bayanan alamar, da kayan liyafar liyafar. Launuka na ƙarfe na al'ada na iya taimakawa daidaita saman tare da ainihin alama da hasken wuta.
Ma'ajiyar ofis, teburan liyafar, kayan ɗaki na taro, kayayakin otal, ɗakin cin abinci, da ɓangarorin kasuwanci na iya amfani da fim ɗin ƙarfe da aka goge a matsayin cikakkar saman ko ƙararrawa. Wuraren da ke da alaƙa ya kamata su yi amfani da matakin da aka gwada don ƙazanta da buƙatuwar tsaftacewa.
Zinare da aka goge yana aiki da kyau a cikin baƙunci, kyakkyawa, kayan ado, wurin zama, da manyan ayyukan dillalai. Yi amfani da shi zaɓaɓɓen akan fale-falen fale-falen, datsa, hannaye, gaban aljihunan aljihun tebur, ko abubuwan nuni don hana manyan wurare zama wuce gona da iri.
Azurfa da aka goga ta dace da mafi ƙarancin dafa abinci, kayan ofis, nunin kayan lantarki, yanayin dillali na fasaha, riguna, da tsarin bango na zamani. Ana iya tausasa shi da itacen dumi ko kuma ƙara masana'antu da baki, launin toka, siminti, da gilashi.
Goga a tsaye na iya sa dogayen ƙofofin tufafi su bayyana sun fi tsayi, yayin da goga a kwance na iya jaddada faɗin a kan aljihuna, kirga, ko bangon bango. Don saitin da suka dace, yi alamar jagorar injin akan zane-zanen samarwa kuma kiyaye duk sassan da ke kusa da juna.
Filayen ƙarfe suna canza bayyanar tare da kusurwar kallo, hasken rana, dumi ko sanyin hasken wucin gadi, mai sheki, da launuka masu kewaye. Yarda da fim na zahiri da kuma kammala laminated panel a ƙarƙashin ainihin ko kwaikwayi hasken aikin kafin samarwa.
Fim ɗin PVC da aka goge, takardar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, fenti na ƙarfe, da fakitin kayan ado masu tsauri suna warware ƙira daban-daban da buƙatun masana'antu. Kwatancen mai zuwa yana ba da jagorar siyayya gabaɗaya; zaɓi na ƙarshe ya kamata ya dogara ne akan samfuran jiki, bayanan fasaha, gwajin sarrafa aiki, da cikakken gwajin panel.
| Factor Factor Factor | Brushed Karfe PVC Film | Solid Metal Sheet | Metallic Paint ko | Rufaffen Ƙarfe na Ado |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bayyanar | Tasirin ƙarfe-buga mai maimaitawa | Sahihin ƙarfe na ƙarfe da zurfin abu | Tasirin ƙarfe mai rufi ko abin nadi | Babban zurfin gani tare da ƙayyadaddun tsari mai ƙima |
| Nauyi | Layer na ado mai nauyi | Gabaɗaya ya fi nauyi | Ƙananan ƙara nauyi | Ya bambanta ta hanyar polymer da kauri na takarda |
| Gudanarwa | Lamination, nannade, ko zaɓaɓɓen hanyoyin ƙirƙira | Yanke, lankwasawa, gyare-gyare, ƙarewa, da aikin ƙarfe | Shirye-shiryen saman, aikace-aikace, warkewa, da sarrafa fesa | Yanke da lamination bisa ga tsarin takardar |
| Hanyar Texture | Dole ne a daidaita jagoran jujjuyawar sarrafawa | Na halitta ko inji goga shugabanci | Ya dogara da hanyar shafa da fasaha na applicator | Ya dogara da bugu, mai rufaffen, ko tsarin da aka ɗaure |
| Keɓancewa | Launi, tsari, sheki, laushi, kauri, da girman bidi'a | Alloy, shafi, gogewa, da zaɓuɓɓukan ƙirƙira | Faɗin launi da sassaucin tasirin fesa | Zaɓuɓɓukan launi da gamawa sun dogara da masana'anta |
| Na Musamman Fit | Kayan daki mai girma, kabad, panels, trims, da cikin dillalai | Cikakken cikakkun bayanai na gine-gine da manyan kayan aikin ƙarfe | Kayan daki fenti na al'ada da rikitattun sassa da aka ƙirƙira | Filayen filaye masu ƙima da fuskokin ado na musamman |
Yashi da tsaftace madaidaicin bisa ga allo da umarnin mai kaya. Cire ƙura, mai, zaruruwa, haƙora, da barbashi saboda saman ƙarfe na iya haskakawa maimakon ɓoye lahani.
Zaɓin manne ya dogara da goyan bayan fim ɗin, ƙasa, saurin layi, zafin kunnawa, matsa lamba, ƙirar lissafi, da yanayin sabis. Tabbatar da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, tsufa mai zafi, bayyanar danshi, ɗaga baki, da daidaituwar sinadarai ta amfani da ainihin kayan samarwa.
Zazzabi mai yawa, matsa lamba mara daidaituwa, ko tashin hankali na fim wanda ba a sarrafa shi ba zai iya canza sheki, ɓata tsarin goga, haifar da wrinkles, ko shafar kwanciyar hankali. Ƙirƙiri ingantacciyar taga mai aiki ta hanyar samar da gwaji kafin gudanar da oda mai yawa.
Rike fim ɗin kariya a wurin ta hanyar yankan da ya dace, lamination, kulawa, da matakan shigarwa. Yi amfani da tsaftataccen rollers, teburi, safar hannu, da kayan marufi don guje wa karce, haƙora, gurɓataccen manne, da sawun yatsa.
Samfurin fina-finai maras kyau ba ya nuna cikakken yadda samfurin zai kula da lamination. Aminta da launi, haskakawa, rubutu, shimfidar ƙasa, jiyya na gefe, aikin mannewa, da halayen tsaftacewa akan ƙaƙƙarfan kwamitin gwaji da aka yi tare da kayan samarwa.
Cire ƙura maras kyau tare da tsaftataccen zane mai laushi mai laushi.
Shafa a cikin hanyar da aka goge a duk lokacin da ake amfani da shi.
Yi amfani da ruwa mai tsafta ko ɗan wanka mai tsaka tsaki don tsaftacewa na yau da kullun.
Cire mai, abinci, kayan kwalliya, tawada, da abubuwan abin sha da sauri.
Kauce wa gyale, ulun karfe, foda, ruwan wukake, da goge goge.
Kada a yi amfani da ƙaƙƙarfan kaushi, acid, alkalis, ko magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta marasa yarda ba tare da gwada su akan samfurin ba.
Juriya na tsaftacewa ya bambanta ta hanyar shafi. Abubuwan ciki na kasuwanci yakamata su gwada mai tsaftacewa, maida hankali, lokacin lamba, da hanyar gogewa kafin amincewa da samfur don kulawa na yau da kullun.
Samar da samfurin ƙarfe na zahiri, guntun launi, kwamitin da aka amince, ko madaidaicin ƙira. Wallis na iya kimanta sautin ƙarfe da aka yi niyya, haske, salon goge baki, da sheki. Hoton allo kadai bai isa ba don amincewar launi na ƙarshe.
Kaurin fim, nisa, tsayin mirgine, girman ainihin, izinin haɗin gwiwa, jagorar iska, da nauyin yi ya kamata a daidaita su da layin samarwa na abokin ciniki da kayan aiki. Tabbatar da faɗin da za a iya amfani da shi da shugabanci kafin yin oda.
Masu saye na iya ayyana gwaje-gwajen da ake buƙata don bambancin launi, sheki, gogewa, juriya, mannewa, tsufa zafi, danshi, tabo, sinadarai masu tsaftacewa, ko wasu yanayin aikin. Ya kamata a yarda da hanyoyin gwaji da iyakokin karɓa kafin samarwa.
Fim ɗin kariya, naɗaɗɗen bidi'a, kariyar ƙarshen, hanyar pallet, alamomi, gano tsari, da fakitin fitarwa ana iya tattauna su bisa ga buƙatun jigilar kaya da buƙatun sito. Alamomin OEM da takamaiman umarnin shirya kayan aiki suna ƙarƙashin odar tabbatarwa.
Zaɓuɓɓukan ƙirar ƙarfe: gwal ɗin goga, azurfar goga, da haɓaka launi na ƙarfe na musamman.
Abubuwan da aka mayar da hankali kan kayan aiki: zaɓin kayan abu don kabad, riguna, bangon bango, gyare-gyare, kayan masarufi, da kayan kasuwanci.
Samar da al'ada: tallafi don rubutu, mai sheki, kauri, nisa, tsayin yi, jiyya na goyan baya, fim mai kariya, da marufi.
Tabbatar da samfur: samfurori na jiki da kuma kammala gwaje-gwaje na panel suna taimakawa rage launi, aiki, da haɗarin mannewa.
Sadarwar aikin B2B: bita ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki, kayan aiki, m, aikace-aikacen, adadin tsari, da kasuwar makoma.
Tattauna Aikin Fina-Finan Karfe Naku
Don karɓar madaidaicin zance, samar da launi na ƙarfe da ake buƙata, ƙirar goga, matakin mai sheki, kauri, faɗi, tsayin yi, madauri, tsarin lamuni ko lamination, ƙayyadaddun aikace-aikacen, ƙimanta adadin, ƙasar da aka nufa, fim mai kariya, ainihin girman, marufi, da takaddun gwaji da ake buƙata.
Don keɓantattun launuka, aika tunani na zahiri duk lokacin da zai yiwu. Don matsin maɓalli ko bayanin martaba, kuma samar da jigometer ɗin panel, samar da zurfin, radius, nau'in kayan aiki, zafin aiki, da bayanin mannewa.
Fim ɗin PVC da aka goge shi ne fim ɗin kayan ado mai sassauƙa tare da launi na ƙarfe da rubutun jagora wanda aka ƙera don yin kwaikwayon bayyanar gwal ɗin goga, azurfa, aluminium, tagulla, ko sauran ƙarancin ƙarfe akan kayan daki da bangarorin ciki.
Misalin samfurin shine fim ɗin kayan ado na tushen PVC wanda ke haifar da tasirin ƙarfe ta hanyar launi, bugu, rubutun rubutu, ko jiyya na saman. Ya kamata a tabbatar da ainihin ginin don ƙimar da aka zaɓa.
Zinare da aka goge yana haifar da ɗumi kuma mafi kyawun tasirin ado, yayin da gogaggen azurfa yana samar da mai sanyaya, mai tsabta, da ƙarin bayyanar masana'antu. Dukansu za a iya keɓance su cikin sautin, haske, rubutu, da sheki.
Ee. Zinariya ta al'ada, azurfa, tagulla, jan ƙarfe, champagne, fure-zinariya, gunmetal, da sauran kwatance na ƙarfe ana iya tattauna su tare da kyakkyawan layin gashi, madaidaiciyar goga, goge-giciye, ko takamaiman zaɓin rubutu na aikin.
Abubuwan da aka saba da su sun haɗa da MDF, allon barbashi, plywood, da sauran bangarorin kayan daki masu jituwa. Dole ne a tabbatar da mannewa ta amfani da ainihin madaidaicin ƙasa, firam, m, kayan aiki, da yanayin sarrafawa.
Ana iya ƙididdige makin da suka dace don matsi ko matsi. Dole ne a gwada kauri na fim, elongation, kwanciyar hankali na rubutu, samar da zurfin zurfi, radius kusurwa, zazzabi, m, da sake zagayowar sanyaya kafin samarwa.
Tallafin samfur da tsarin mannewa ya dogara da ƙayyadaddun da aka tabbatar. Kayan kayan daki na laminating yawanci suna amfani da tsarin manne da aka zaɓa daban, don haka ya kamata masu siye su faɗi ko suna buƙatar fim ɗin da ba mannewa ba, jiyya na goyan baya, ko wani gini.
Fuskar PVC na iya tsayayya da danshi na cikin gida na al'ada, amma ƙãrewar panel ba ta da ruwa ta atomatik. Ayyukan ruwa ya dogara da abin da ake amfani da su, manne, sutura, gefuna, yankewa, da shigarwa. Wuraren rigar suna buƙatar cikakken gwajin panel da ingantaccen hatimin gefen.
Za a iya ba da zaɓuɓɓukan saman da ke jurewa, amma juriya na ainihi ya dogara da sutura da hanyar gwaji. Samar da ma'aunin lalata ko karce da ake buƙata da matakin karɓa lokacin neman zance.
Ee, ana iya yin la'akari da gabas ɗin ɗakin dafa abinci na cikin gida da bangarori lokacin da aka yi amfani da madaidaicin matakin fim, substrate, m, rufe baki, da hanyar shigarwa. Ka kiyaye kayan daga babban zafin da ba a yarda da shi ba kuma gwada cikakken kwamiti don yanayin da ake sa ran.
Zaman lafiyar launi ya dogara da launuka, sutura, zazzabi, sinadarai masu tsaftacewa, hasken rana, da bayyanar UV. Don wurare masu tsananin hasken rana ko buƙatar buƙatun tsufa, samar da ma'aunin gwajin da ake buƙata da yanayin fallasa kafin zaɓin kayan.
Shafa saman da yadi mai laushi, zai fi dacewa bi hanyar da aka goge. Yi amfani da ruwa mai tsabta ko ruwan wanka mai tsaka tsaki. Ka guje wa ƙullun ganyaye, foda masu ƙyalli, kayan aiki masu kaifi, masu ƙarfi, acid, da alkalis sai dai idan ba a gwada musu abin da aka zaɓa ba.
Ee. Ana ba da shawarar samfurin fim na zahiri da kuma kammala gwajin gwaji don kimanta launi, jagorar gogewa, mai sheki, rubutu, daidaituwar mannewa, haɓaka halayen, ingancin saman, da aikin tsaftacewa kafin babban tsari.
Mafi ƙarancin tsari ya dogara ne akan ko ƙirar ƙira ta kasance daidai ko kuma na musamman, da launi, rubutu, kauri, faɗi, tsayin mirgine, shafi, goyan baya, fim ɗin kariya, da marufi. Ƙaddamar da ƙayyadaddun da ake buƙata don tabbatarwa.
Samar da launi na ƙarfe, rubutun goge, mai sheki, kauri, nisa, tsayin mirgine, girman mahimmanci, hanyar lamination, aikace-aikace, adadin, makõma, fim mai kariya, marufi, da takaddun gwaji da ake buƙata. Tunanin launi na jiki zai inganta daidaitattun launi na al'ada.
