Ukubuka: 18 Umbhali: Isikhathi Sokushicilela Isihleli Sesayithi: 2024-06-24 Umsuka: Isayithi
Ikhadi le-RFID le-prelam inlay liwumgogodla osebenzayo osetshenziselwa ukwakha ikhadi elihlakaniphile elingenakuthinta. Iqukethe i-RFID integrated circuit (IC), uthi olushuniwe, nezendlalelo ezisekelayo ezinwetshwe kusengaphambili zibe ishidi elizinzile. Lapho ikhadi eliqediwe lingena emkhakheni wokufunda okuhambisanayo, uthi luthola amandla efrikhwensi yomsakazo, i-chip ithola amandla, bese ikhadi lishintshana ngokuhlonza noma idatha yohlelo lokusebenza nomfundi ngaphandle kokuthintana nogesi okuqondile.
Impendulo esheshayo: Umfundi udala inkambu ye-RF, imibhangqwana ye-antenna efakwe kuleyo nkambu, kanye ne-chip ye-RFID engenzi lutho ivuna amandla anele ukuze isebenze. I-chip ibe isithumela idatha yayo egciniwe emuva ngothi. Umfundi unquma impendulo futhi ayidlulisele kusilawuli sokufinyelela, inkokhelo, amathikithi, ukuhlonza, noma enye isistimu ye-backend.
Ikhadi le-RFID le-prelam inlay, elibuye libizwe ngokuthi i -inlay yekhadi elingenakuthinta noma ishidi le-RFID prelam , liyingxenye eseqediwe kancane enikezwa abakhiqizi bamakhadi ahlakaniphile. Isekhethi ye-elekthronikhi isivele ibekwe futhi ivikelekile ngaphakathi kweshidi lepulasitiki, kodwa umkhiqizo usadinga ukucwiliswa komzimba wekhadi, ukuphrinta, ukubhoboza, ukwenza kube ngokwakho, kanye nokuhlolwa kokugcina ngaphambi kokuba kube ikhadi le-RFID eliqediwe.
Ishidi le-prelam lingaqukatha izikhundla zamakhadi amaningi ekuhlelweni okufana no-2 × 5, 3 × 7, 4 × 8, noma 5 × 5, kuye ngobukhulu beshidi, usayizi wekhadi, ijometri ye-antenna, kanye nezinto zokusebenza ezansi nomfula. Indawo ngayinye ngokuvamile ihlanganisa isekethe eyodwa ye-chip-ne-antenna eqondaniswe nendawo yokusika ikhadi elihlosiwe.
| Ifomu Lomkhiqizo | Isimo Esijwayelekile | Sokukhiqiza Isakhiwo | Ukusetshenziswa Okujwayelekile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukufaka okomile | I-Chip kanye ne-antenna kusithwali ngaphandle kokunamathela okuzwela ukucindezela | Ukufakwa kwe-elekthronikhi okuyisisekelo | Ukuguqulwa kube amalebula, omaka, ukupakisha, noma amakhadi |
| I-inlay emanzi | I-RFID inlay ene-adhesive kanye ne-liner yokukhulula | Ilungele uhlelo lokusebenza noma ukuguqulwa kwelebula | Izitika ze-RFID namalebula ahlakaniphile |
| Ukufakwa kwe-RFID kuqala | I-chip, i-antenna, inkampani yenethiwekhi, nezendlalelo zepulasitiki ezivikelayo ngendlela yeshidi | Ingxenye yekhadi eliqedwe kancane | Ukwenziwa kwamakhadi ahlakaniphile okungenakuxhumana |
| Ikhadi le-RFID eliqedile | I-Prelam core, izendlalelo eziphrintiwe, imbondela, nezici zokuvikela ozikhethela zona | Umkhiqizo oqediwe futhi oqondene nawe | Ukufinyelela, inkokhelo, ezokuthutha, ukuhlonza, ukwethembeka, namathikithi |
Ukusebenza okuthembekile kwe-RFID kuncike ekwakhiweni kukagesi kanye nokwakhiwa kwemishini okusebenzisanayo. I-antenna kufanele ifaniswe ne-chip ekhethiwe kanye nemvamisa yokusebenza, kuyilapho izendlalelo zepulasitiki kufanele zivikele isifunda ngaphandle kokudala ukucindezeleka ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokulayishwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwekhadi.
| Wengxenye | Yomsebenzi | Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile Kwe-B2B |
|---|---|---|
| RFID chip noma IC | Izihlonzi zezitolo nedatha yohlelo lokusebenza, iphethe ukuxhumana, futhi ingase isekele ukufakazela ubuqiniso noma ukubethela | Imodeli ye-chip, inkumbulo, iphrothokholi, ileveli yokuphepha, ifomethi ye-UID, ukubekezela kokubhala, nokuhambisana komfundi |
| I-Antenna | Ithola amandla kumfundi futhi iphathe isignali yokubuya | I-Copper wire, ithusi eligxilile, i-aluminium eqoshiwe, noma i-conductor ephrintiwe; i-geometry kufanele ihambisane nemvamisa kanye ne-chip impedance |
| Ukuxhumeka kwe-chip | Idala isibopho sikagesi nesemishini phakathi kwe-IC kanye ne-antenna | Amandla ebhondi, ukumelana nokuxhumana, ukuzinza kokushisa, nokumelana nokugoba |
| Inkampani yenethiwekhi noma i-substrate | Isekela uthi futhi igcine indawo yesifunda | Ukuzinza kwe-Dimensional, ukumelana nokushisa, ukucaba, nokuhambisana nomzimba wekhadi |
| Izendlalelo ze-Prelam | Faka futhi uvikele isekethe ye-elekthronikhi | I-PVC, i-PETG, i-PET, i-PC, noma i-ABS; ukubekezelela ukushuba, ifasitela lamination, nokunamathela |
| Amamaki okubhalisa | Siza ukuvumelanisa ukuphrinta, i-lamination, nokushaya amakhadi | Ukunemba komkhawulo wereferensi nokuhambisana nemishini yokukhiqiza yomthengi |
Umfundi we-RFID uthumela isignali yemibuzo ngothi lwayo kumafrikhwensi asekelwa ikhadi. Emakhadini ahlakaniphile avamile angaxhunywanga, lokhu kuvame ukuba ngu-13.56 MHz, kuyilapho amanye amakhadi okufinyelela esebenza cishe ku-125 kHz. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile zekhadi lebanga elide zingasebenzisa amaza e-UHF.
Uma ikhadi lingena endaweni efundekayo esebenzisekayo, uthi lwalo luhlangana nenkundla yokufunda. Amakhadi e-LF kanye ne-HF ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-near-field inductive coupling. Izinhlelo ze-UHF ngokuyinhloko zisebenzisa i-electromagnetic wave propagation kanye nokuxhumana kwe-backscatter. Ngakho-ke idizayini ye-antenna ayinakuhlukaniswa nemvamisa ehlosiwe, umfundi, ubukhulu bekhadi, nendawo yokusebenza.
Ama-inlay amaningi e-prelam ekhadi le-RFID awasebenzi futhi awanalo ibhethri. I-antenna ithwebula amandla enkambini yomfundi, futhi ukujikeleza kwangaphakathi kwe-chip kuguqula ingxenye yalawo mandla ibe amandla adingekayo ukuze kuqalwe i-IC. Amandla atholakalayo ancike ekukhishweni komfundi, ukushuna kwe-antenna, ibanga, umumo, izinto eziseduze, kanye nokwakhiwa kwekhadi eliphelele.
Ngemva kokwenza kusebenze, umfundi ne-chip balandela iphrothokholi efanele. Kuye nge-IC, lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukutholwa kwekhadi, ukungashayisani, ukukhetha, ukufakazela ubuqiniso, ukufunda, ukubhala, noma imiyalo eqondene nohlelo lokusebenza. Izinqubo zokunqanda ukushayisana zisiza umfundi ukuthi akhombe ikhadi elilodwa uma kunekhadi elihambisanayo elingaphezu kwelilodwa ensimini.
I-chip ishintsha umthwalo kagesi obonwa uthithi noma isakaza isignali engenayo, kuye ngohlelo lwe-RFID. Lokhu kushintshashintsha kubuyisela impendulo yekhadi kumfundi. Impendulo ingase iqukathe isihlonzi esiyingqayizivele, idatha yememori, umphumela wokuqinisekisa, noma impendulo yomyalo wohlelo lokusebenza.
Umfundi unquma impendulo futhi athumele idatha esebenzisekayo kusofthiwe exhunyiwe. Isistimu ingase ivule umnyango, iqinisekise ithikithi, irekhode ukuba khona, ihlonze umnikazi wekhadi, ibuyekeze i-akhawunti yokwethembeka, noma yenze esinye isenzo esigunyaziwe. I-inlay inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo sezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezingathinteki; umsebenzi wokugcina webhizinisi uncike ku-chip, isofthiwe yohlelo lokusebenza, ukumiswa kwezokuphepha, nengqalasizinda yokufunda.
Imvamisa ingenye yezicaciso zokuqala umthengi okufanele aziqinisekise. Ikhadi alikwazi ukuxhumana kahle nesifundi esidizayinelwe imvamisa ehlukile noma iphrothokholi engahambelani. Izibalo zebanga lokufunda kufanele zihlale zibhekwa njengemiphumela yezinga lesistimu kunezakhiwo eziqinisekisiwe zeshidi le-prelam kuphela.
| I-RFID Band Iphrothokholi | Evamile Yezikhathi | Ezivamile noma Amazinga | Zokusebenza Zekhadi | Amanothi Omklamo Wezinhlelo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LF | Cishe ku-125 kHz noma 134.2 kHz | Iphrothokholi incike ku-chip nohlelo; amasistimu amaningi okufinyelela kwefa angabanikazi | Amakhadi okufinyelela e-Proximity, umazisi, namasistimu wefa | I-inductive coupling ebangeni elifushane; qinisekisa ukuhambisana okunembile komfundi ne-chip |
| I-HF / NFC | 13.56 MHz | I-ISO/IEC 14443, ISO/IEC 15693, kanye nokucaciswa okuhlobene ne-NFC kuye nge-IC | Ukulawula ukufinyelela, ezokuthutha, amakhadi ekhampasi, ukwethembeka, ukuhlonza, amathikithi, nokusebenzisana kwe-NFC | Okujwayelekile kwamakhadi angathintwa; I-antenna inductance kanye nomthamo we-chip kufanele kufaniswe ngendlela efanele |
| I-UHF | Cishe 860–960 MHz, ngaphansi kwemithetho yesifunda | I-EPC Class 1 Gen 2 / ISO/IEC 18000-63 yezinhlelo eziningi ze-UHF ezingenzi lutho | Ukuhlonza ibanga elide, ukupaka, ukufinyelela imoto, izimpahla, namabheji akhethekile | Ukusebenza kuzwela ukuma kwe-antenna, ukusondela komzimba, insimbi, uketshezi, nezinhlelo zefrikhwensi zesifunda |
Umkhiqizi uqinisekisa imvamisa yokusebenza, imodeli ye-chip, inkumbulo, izimfuneko zokuphepha, umsebenzi wokufunda/ubhala, ubukhulu bekhadi, ifomethi yeshidi, isakhiwo, okokusebenza komzimba wekhadi, nohlelo oluqondiwe. Lezi zidingo zinquma ukwakheka kwe-antenna nokwakhiwa kwe-prelam.
Ijometri ye-antenna yakhelwe imvamisa ekhethiwe kanye ne-IC. Ngokuya ngomkhiqizo, i-antenna ingase yakheke ngocingo lwethusi olushunyekiwe, ithusi eligxilile, i-aluminium egxishiwe, noma i-conductive material ephrintiwe. Ukuphenduka kwekhoyili, ububanzi bethrekhi, isikhala, ukumelana, i-inductance, nokususwa konqenqema lwekhadi kunomthelela ekusebenzeni kokugcina.
Imojuli ye-IC noma ye-chip ibekwe kahle futhi ixhunywe ngogesi othini. Ijoyinti kumele ligcine ukumelana nogesi okuphansi ngenkathi lisinda ekushiseni, ukucindezela, ukugoba, nokuphatha okuphindaphindiwe ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza amakhadi awela phansi.
Ukuhlola okusebenzayo kungaqinisekisa ukusabela kwe-chip, isihlonzi, ukufinyelela kwenkumbulo, ukuzwakala kwemisindo ezwakalayo noma ukushuna, ukuqhubeka kwezinti, nokuzinza kokuxhumana. Ukuthola ukuxhumana okubuthakathaka ngaphambi kokucwenga kusiza ukuvimbela izindawo zamakhadi ezinesici ukuthi zifinyelele umugqa wokukhiqiza womthengi.
Amasekhethi afakwe ngaphakathi abekwe ngokwesakhiwo samakhadi amaningi. Ukubhaliswa okunembile kubalulekile ngoba ishidi eliqediwe kufanele lihambisane namashidi aphrintiwe, amafilimu ayimbondela, amapuleti alaminating, namathuluzi okubhoboza amakhadi. Ukungami kahle kungalimaza uthi noma kubeke i-chip eduze kakhulu nonqenqema lwekhadi.
Izendlalelo zepulasitiki zihlanganiswa eduze kwesekethe ye-elekthronikhi futhi ziboshwe ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elilawulwayo, ingcindezi, nesikhathi. Inqubo kufanele ivikele i-chip kanye ne-antenna kuyilapho igcina ukushelela kweshidi, ukujiya kogqinsi, ukuqina kohlangothi, nokuhambisana nomjikelezo wokugcina wokusebenzisa ikhadi lekhasimende.
Amashidi e-prelam aqediwe ahlolelwa ukusebenza kukagesi, ukonakala okubonakalayo, ukungcola, imihuzuko, amabhamuza, i-warpage, ukujiya, ubukhulu, ukunemba kwesakhiwo, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhawulo wereferensi. Ukupakishwa okufanelekile kuvikela amashidi kumswakama, uthuli, ukugoba, kanye nokulimala kwemishini phakathi nokuhamba kwamanye amazwe.
Ishidi le-prelam lingabonakala lamukelekile kodwa lisahluleke ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ikhadi noma ukusetshenziswa kwenkundla. Ngakho-ke abathengi be-B2B kufanele bahlole kokubili ukusebenza kukagesi kanye nokuhambisana kwenqubo.
| Indawo Yokuhlola | Ihlola Ukuthi | Kungani Ibalulekile |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza okungu-100%. | Ukusabela kwe-chip, i-UID, ukufunda/ukubhala ukusebenza, nokuxhumana | Ihlonza ama-chips afile, amasekhethi avuliwe, noxhumo olungazinzile |
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-antenna nokushuna | Ukuqhubeka, ukumelana, inductance, resonance, noma impendulo margin | Isekela ukusebenza komfundi okungaguquki ngemva kokufakwa kokugcina |
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dimensional | Usayizi weshidi, ukujiya, ukuphakama kwekhadi, indawo ye-chip, nemiphetho yereferensi | Ivimbela ukungahambi kahle ngesikhathi sokuphrinta, i-lamination, kanye nokushaya |
| Isivivinyo se-Lamination | Ukunamathela, amabhamuza, ukuwohloka, ukushwabana, nokusinda kukagesi | Iqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinto zomzimba wekhadi lomthengi kanye newindi lokucubungula |
| Ukugoba kanye nokuhlolwa komshini | Ukumelana ne-antenna nokuxhumeka kwe-chip ekuguqukeni nasekuphatheni | Yehlisa ukwehluleka kwenkundla okubangelwa amakhondaktha aqhekekile noma amabhondi abuthaka |
| Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo nokuhlanzeka | Uthuli, imihuzuko, i-delamination, amabhamuza, amabala, nokonakala kwendawo | Ivikela ikhwalithi yokuphrinta nokubukeka kokugcina kwekhadi |
Amakhadi angathintwa angahlonza abasebenzi, abahlali, abafundi, izivakashi, noma osonkontileka ezindaweni zokungena ezilawulwayo. Uhlelo luhlola iziqinisekiso zekhadi ngaphambi kokunikeza noma ukwenqaba ukufinyelela. Ukuvikeleka kuncike ku-chip ekhethiwe, i-architecture yokuqinisekisa, ukuphathwa kokhiye, ukulungiselelwa komfundi, nezilawuli ezingemuva—hhayi nje ekubeni khona kwe-RFID inlay.
I-RFID namakhadi ahlakaniphile angathintwa asekela okwenziwayo kompompi osheshayo wamabhasi, amasistimu we-metro, amanethiwekhi wezitimela, ukupaka, namathikithi avaliwe. Isivinini sokwenziwayo esiphezulu, ukusebenzisana komfundi, ukuqina kwekhadi, nomklamo ovikelekile wohlelo lokusebenza kuyimibandela yokuthenga ebalulekile.
Ikhadi elilodwa elingenakuthinta lingasekela ukuhlonza, ukufinyelela kwegumbi, ukuba khona, ukuphuma kwemishini, ukwethembeka, noma imisebenzi engenakheshi, kuye nge-chip nesistimu. Amaphrojekthi ezicelo eziningi adinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela inkumbulo, izimvume zokufinyelela, nezinqubo zokwenza kube ngokwakho.
Amakhadi e-RFID angakwazi ukuhlonza amalungu, ukuqopha ukuvakasha, ukuhlenga izinzuzo, noma asekele okwenziwayo okulawulwayo kwe-cashless. Abathengi kufanele bakhethe izinga lokuvikeleka nenkumbulo ngokwevelu yokwenziwe nobungozi bokukhwabanisa kunokukhetha i-chip kuphela ngentengo.
Amakhadi angaxhunywanga angase asetshenziselwe ukuhlonza abasebenzi, ukuhamba komsebenzi kwesiguli, ukufinyelela okokusebenza, noma ukungena endaweni evikelekile. Amaphrojekthi afaka idatha yomuntu siqu noma yezokwelapha kufanele futhi alandele ubumfihlo obusebenzayo, ukuphepha kwe-cybersecurity, kanye nezidingo zokulawula zemakethe esetshenziswayo.
I-inlay efanele yileyo esebenza ngokwethembeka ekwakhiweni kwekhadi eliphelele lomthengi kanye nendawo yokufunda efakiwe. Ukucaciswa kufanele kusekelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza kunokuba kukopishwe kuphrojekthi yekhadi elingahlobene.
Qinisekisa isistimu yokufunda: imvamisa, iphrothokholi, umndeni we-chip, izidingo zokuphepha, nebanga lokufunda elilindelwe.
Chaza ikhadi lokugcina: CR80 noma usayizi wangokwezifiso, ukujiya okuqediwe, izendlalelo eziphrintiwe, imbondela, umugqa kazibuthe, iphaneli yesiginesha, noma imojula yokuxhumana.
Khetha impahla yekhadi: i-PVC, i-PETG, i-PET, i-PC, i-ABS, noma ukwakhiwa okuxubile okusekelwe ku-lamination, ukuqina, kanye nezidingo zemvelo.
Cacisa ifomethi yeshidi: ubukhulu, isakhiwo, ukuphakama kwekhadi, imiphetho yereferensi, izimpawu zokubhalisa, nokubekezelelana kokushaya.
Qinisekisa idatha ye-chip: imodeli, inkumbulo, izidingo ze-UID, ukubhala ngekhodi, okhiye, ukuvikelwa kwephasiwedi, kanye nesibopho sokwenza kube ngokwakho.
Linganisa ukuhambisana kokukhiqiza: izinga lokushisa le-lamination, ingcindezi, isikhathi somjikelezo, ukuncipha, ukugcwala kweshidi, nokunamathela ezintweni eziphrintiwe.
Cela amasampuli: laminate futhi punch amasampula amashidi usebenzisa inqubo yangempela yokukhiqiza, bese uhlola amakhadi aqediwe nabafundi abahlosiwe.
Chaza ukwamukelwa kwekhwalithi: isivuno esisebenzayo, ukubekezelelana kobukhulu, indinganiso yezimonyo, indlela yokuhlola, ukupakisha, ukulandeleka, nokuphatha amaphutha.
Udinga ishidi le-RFID prelam langokwezifiso lomugqa wakho wokukhiqiza ikhadi?
Thumela imodeli ye-chip yakho, imvamisa, usayizi weshidi, isakhiwo, impahla, ukujiya, ubuningi bonyaka, kanye nezimfuneko zokufunda zokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe.
Xhumana Nochwepheshe be-RFID PrelamUkuhlonza ngaphandle kokuxhumana ngaphandle komugqa wokubona.
Ukuxhumana okusheshayo, okuphindaphindwayo nabafundi abahambisanayo.
Isakhiwo esivikelwe se-chip-and-antenna sokunwebeka kwekhadi elingezansi komfula.
I-chip yangokwezifiso, i-antenna, impahla, ukujiya, kanye nezakhiwo zamakhadi amaningi.
Usekelo lokufinyelela, ezokuthutha, ubunikazi, ukwethembeka, i-NFC, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-UHF ezikhethekile.
Ukusebenza kokufunda kungancishiswa ngephrothokholi yokufunda engahambelani, ukulungisa izinti okungalungile, ibanga elidlulele, umumo wekhadi ongalungile, insimbi noma uketshezi oluseduze nekhadi, ukuphazamiseka kukazibuthe kagesi, ukulimala komshini, inqubo yokugcina yokucwenga engafanele, noma uxhumano olubuthakathaka lwe-chip-to-antenna. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuhlolwa kwekhadi eliqediwe endaweni yohlelo lokusebenza kunengqondo kakhulu kunokuthembela esicelweni sethiyori sobubanzi bokufunda.
I-RFID prelam sourcing ihlanganisa izinto zikagesi, ubunjiniyela bezimpondo, ipulasitiki lamination, isilawuli se-dimensional, nokukhiqizwa kwamakhadi ahlakaniphile. Umhlinzeki onekhono kufanele asize ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwe-chip nomfundi, enze kahle uthi lwe-antenna nesakhiwo, ukuvumelana kweshidi lokulawula, anikeze ukuhlolwa kwesampula, nokusekela ukuxazulula inkinga phakathi nenqubo yokugcina yomthengi yokulanyiswa nokubhoboza.
I-Wallis ihlinzeka ngekhadi le-RFID le-prelam inlay yangokwezifiso isebenzisa izinto ezifana ne-PVC, i-PETG, i-PET, i-PC, ne-ABS kubakhiqizi bamakhadi nabahlinzeki bezixazululo. Izinketho ezitholakalayo zincike ku-chip, imvamisa, idizayini ye-antenna, ubukhulu beshidi, isakhiwo, ukujiya kwethagethi, nevolumu yokukhiqiza.
Cela amasampula noma ikhotheshini yobuchwepheshe
Xoxa ngephrojekthi yakho yekhadi le-RFIDI-RFID prelam inlay iyishidi eliqedwe kancane eliqukethe i-chip, i-antenna, nezendlalelo zokuvikela. Ikhadi le-RFID eliqediwe lengeza izendlalelo zomzimba wamakhadi eziphrintiwe, ukumbondelana, imidwebo engaphezulu, ukwenza kube ngokwakho, ukubhoboza, nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kokugcina.
Cha. Iningi lama-prelam inlays amakhadi awasebenzi. Bavuna amandla okusebenza endaweni ye-RF yomfundi ehambisanayo. Imikhiqizo ye-RFID esebenzayo isebenzisa ibhethri, kodwa inokwakhiwa okuhlukile futhi ayiyona inketho evamile yamakhadi avamile amancane angathintwa.
Ibanga lokufunda lincike ebuningini, ukuzwela kwe-chip, idizayini ye-antenna nokushuna, amandla okufunda, uthi lokufunda, umumo wekhadi, izinto zokugcina zekhadi, insimbi eseduze noma uketshezi, ukuphazamiseka, kanye nemikhawulo yokulawula esebenzayo. Kufanele iqinisekiswe ngamasampula aqediwe kanye nomfundi ohlosiwe.
Cha. Umfundi nekhadi kufanele lisekele amaza ahambisanayo, amaphrothokholi, imisebenzi ye-chip, nokulungiselelwa kokuvikeleka. Ikhadi le-13.56 MHz ngeke lisebenze nesifundi esidizayinelwe kuphela ukuqinisekisa okungu-125 kHz, futhi imikhiqizo emibili esebenzisa imvamisa efanayo isengasebenzisa amaphrothokholi angasebenzisani.
Izinto ezinhle kakhulu zincike esakhiweni sekhadi eliqediwe, indlela yokuphrinta, izinga lokushisa le-lamination, umgomo wokuqina, izidingo zemvelo, kanye nesabelomali. I-PVC ijwayelekile kumakhadi ajwayelekile, kuyilapho i-PETG, i-PET, i-PC, i-ABS, noma izakhiwo ezixubile zingakhethelwa izidingo ezithile zokucubungula noma zokusebenza.
Yebo. Abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo imodeli ye-chip, i-antenna geometry, ubukhulu beshidi, ukwakheka kwamakhadi amaningi, okokusebenza, ukujiya, ukuphakama kwekhadi, izimpawu zokubhalisa, nezidingo zokuhlola zikagesi. Ukuba nokwenzeka kuncike ekusetshenzisweni kwamathuluzi, ubuningi be-oda, kanye nokucaciswa kobuchwepheshe.
Abathengi kufanele baqale bahlole i-prelam ngogesi, bese beyilayisile ngamashidi aphrintiwe angempela kanye nembondela, bashaye amakhadi aqediwe, futhi baphinde ukuhlolwa kokusebenza. Ibanga lokufunda, ukuzinza, ukumelana nokugoba, ukubukeka, ukunamathela kongqimba, ukuma kwe-chip, nokuhambisana nabo bonke abafundi abahlosiwe kufanele kuhlolwe.
Ukuvikeleka kuyahlukahluka kakhulu nge-chip ne-system design. Eminye imikhiqizo ihlinzeka kuphela ngesihlonzi esifundekayo, kuyilapho ama-IC ekhadi elihlakaniphile avikelekile angasekela ukuqinisekiswa okufanayo, ukuxhumana okubethelwe, inkumbulo evikelwe, nezilawuli zezinga lohlelo lokusebenza. Abathengi kufanele bafanise i-architecture yezokuphepha nengcuphe yokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe.
Nikeza ngemodeli ye-chip noma umsebenzi odingekayo, imvamisa nephrothokholi, ubukhulu beshidi, ukwakheka kwekhadi, okokusebenza, ukujiya kwe-prelam, ukujiya kwekhadi eliqediwe, i-antenna noma imfuneko yobubanzi bokufunda, izidingo zombhalo wekhodi, izinga lokuhlola, ubuningi, ukupakishwa, nohlelo oluqondiwe. Imininingwane yokufunda noma amakhadi esampula nawo awusizo ekuhloleni ukuhambisana.
