ꯍꯣꯂꯁꯦꯜ RFID ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ , ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯒ꯫

ꯍꯣꯂꯁꯦꯜ RFID ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ s, ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ s ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯋꯥꯂꯤꯁꯅꯥ RFID ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ, ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯔꯠ-ꯀꯥꯔꯗ, ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯜ, ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁ, ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ, ꯂꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯔꯤ, ꯏꯚꯦꯟꯇ, ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠ-ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ-ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ 13.56MHz HF / NFC ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 860–960MHz UHF RAIN RFID ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫

ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ-ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯇꯤꯕꯜ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯖ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯤꯞ-ꯑꯦꯟꯗ-ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯝꯕꯂꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ, ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫

ꯌꯣꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯞ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯜ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ, ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ, ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ, ꯔꯣꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯠ, ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ, ꯕꯦꯗ-ꯇꯦꯒ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯤꯡ, ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯗꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯚꯦꯂꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯍꯣꯂꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ RFID ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯀꯣꯠ

ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯀꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯄꯦꯖ-ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ 869–915MHz UHF , 13.56MHz ISO /IEC 14443 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 13.56MHz ISO /IEC 15693 ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ, ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯞ, ꯔꯤꯖꯅꯦꯜ UHF ꯕꯦꯟꯗ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯇꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯕꯅꯥꯝ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯕꯅꯥꯝ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ RFID ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ꯫

ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯋꯦꯠ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨ

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯄꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡ, ꯗꯥꯏ ꯀꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯀꯟꯕꯔꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯐ-ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ RFID ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨ

RFID ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯍꯅꯕꯥ, ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯦꯄꯁꯨꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ ꯌꯨꯖꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐꯤꯅꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯨ꯫

ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯦꯁ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ, ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ, ꯗꯥꯏ ꯀꯠ, ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤ-ꯇꯨ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ꯫

HF / NFC ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ UHF RFID ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ

ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯇꯦ꯫

ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯆꯤꯞ ꯀꯃꯥꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯗꯔ, ꯆꯤꯞ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧ꯫

ꯔꯤꯗ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

HF ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯤꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ UHF ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯞ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ, ꯔꯤꯗꯔ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ, ꯔꯤꯖꯅꯦꯜ ꯕꯦꯟꯗ, ꯇꯦꯒ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ, ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

UHF ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯅꯦꯜ ꯕꯦꯟꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯈꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ UHF ꯔꯤꯖꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯃꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯆꯤꯞ, ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯖꯤ.꯲꯱꯳, ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯖꯤ.꯲꯱꯵ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯖꯤ.꯲꯱꯶

ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ NFC ꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯇꯥꯏꯞ 2 ꯆꯤꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ URLꯁꯤꯡ, ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯖꯨꯃꯔ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯈꯅꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯖꯔ-ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ NDEF ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

MIFARE ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ DESFire ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

MIFARE ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯤꯛ, ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ DESFire ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ, ꯃꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯞ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ, ꯏꯚꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯑꯣꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯔꯠ-ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯔꯤꯗꯔ, ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ, ꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯐꯇꯋꯥꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ICODE ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ISO /IEC 15693 ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯣ.ꯗꯤ.ꯏ.ꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯇꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯔꯤ, ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯁꯤꯅꯤꯇꯤ-ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ISO /IEC 14443 ꯔꯤꯗꯔ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ.

UCODE, Impinj ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯌꯟ UHF ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

UHF ꯆꯤꯞ ꯈꯅꯕꯗꯥ E PC ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ, TIDꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯌꯨꯖꯔ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ, ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯁꯋꯥꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯐꯇꯋꯥꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯐꯣꯔꯃꯒꯥ ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

UID, TID ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ E PC ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

HF / NFC ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯞ UID ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ UHF ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ TID ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ E PC ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯕꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯦꯟꯇꯤꯐꯥꯌꯔ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ, ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯆ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯎ꯫

ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯄꯥꯁꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯀꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ NDEF URL ꯏꯕꯥ, E PC ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ, ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ, ꯄꯥꯁꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯞ-ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯀꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄꯔꯃꯦꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯂꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

RFID ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ s

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ-ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ꯫

ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯖ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯦꯄꯔꯕꯣꯔꯗ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ, ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ, ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯇꯥꯏꯜ, ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯕꯔꯁꯟ꯫

ꯄꯦꯄꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ, PET , PP ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯐꯦꯁ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤꯛ, ꯗꯤꯖꯤꯇꯦꯜ, ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ-ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔ, ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ-ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ UV ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯠ꯫

ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯧꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ, ꯋꯦꯕ ꯋꯥꯏꯗ, ꯄꯤꯆ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯥꯎꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯝ ꯏꯛꯌꯨꯏꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ​​ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯡꯊ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯏꯚꯥꯜꯌꯨꯑꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ, ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ, ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

RFID ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ s

Smart card ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ, ꯆꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ, ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ PVC , PET ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯅꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯔꯠ-ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯦꯟꯗ, ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯦꯟꯗ, ꯀꯤ ꯐꯣꯕ, ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯠ, ꯕꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯦꯄꯁꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯚꯔ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯏꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯠꯌꯨꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧ꯫

ꯔꯣꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ, ꯀꯇꯤꯡ, ꯄꯟꯆꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ-ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯝꯕꯂꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯅ-ꯅꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯔꯣꯜ, ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯕꯔꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ꯫

ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯥꯏ-ꯀꯠ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯕꯔꯇꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯗꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯨꯚ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯏꯪ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ꯫

ꯀꯣꯔ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ, ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯃꯝ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯥꯎꯇꯔ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔ, ꯋꯦꯕ ꯋꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯌꯨ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯅꯒꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯄꯤꯆ, ꯒꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯫

ꯄꯤꯆ, ꯋꯦꯕ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ, ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ, ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ-ꯋꯦꯕ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ- ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ-ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯕꯔꯇꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ꯫

ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯁꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ, ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ, ꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ, ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯄꯟꯆꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯇꯀꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯨꯚ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯥꯏꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚ- ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯔꯨꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯑꯁꯣꯏ-ꯑꯉꯥꯝ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯃꯥꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯥꯏꯁ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯃꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯣꯜ-ꯀꯟꯇꯤꯟꯌꯨꯏꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯋꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏ RFID ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯑꯦꯁ

ꯔꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯄꯔꯦꯜ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤ꯫

UHF ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯐꯋꯦꯌꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ-ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯛ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯚ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯔꯤꯞꯂꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ-ꯆꯦꯟ ꯚꯤꯖꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫

RFID ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯥꯔꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯍꯥꯎꯁ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

NFC ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯊꯦꯟꯇꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ꯫

NFC ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ, ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯟꯇꯤ, ꯏꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯊꯦꯟꯇꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

PVC , PET ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ PC Smart card ꯑꯦꯁ

HF ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯞ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯗꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ, ꯃꯦꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯞ, ꯀꯦꯝꯄꯁ, ꯍꯣꯇꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇ꯫

ISO /IEC 15693 HF ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯗꯔ, ꯗꯦꯇꯥ-ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯇꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯔꯤ, ꯗꯣꯛꯌꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯀꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯦꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯏꯟꯂꯦ s ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯠ, ꯕꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯕꯦꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯏꯚꯦꯟꯇ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯐꯣꯔꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ, ꯁꯦꯛꯌꯨꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫

RFID ꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡ, ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯁꯤꯡ, ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯒ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ꯫

• ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ, ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ RFID ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯟꯗꯦꯗ ꯕꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯁ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ꯫

• HF / NFC ꯱꯳.꯵꯶MHz ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ UHF ꯸꯶꯰–꯹꯶꯰MHz

• ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯁꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯞ꯫

• ꯔꯤꯗꯔ, ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯔ, ꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯐꯣꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ-ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ꯫

• ꯇꯦꯒ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯎꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ꯫

• ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ, ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯗ-ꯖꯣꯟ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ, ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ, ꯐꯦꯁ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ, ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯕꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫

• ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ, ꯄꯥꯁꯋꯥꯔꯗ, UID/TID/E PC ꯃꯦꯆꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ꯫

• ꯔꯣꯜ ꯀꯣꯔ, ꯋꯦꯕ ꯋꯥꯏꯗ, ꯄꯤꯆ, ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ꯫

• ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯜ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯟꯂꯦ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯖꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯄꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯖꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯉꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ, ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯛꯇ-ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯀꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯟꯗꯦꯗ ꯔꯤꯗꯔ, ꯄꯥꯋꯔ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ, ꯇꯦꯒ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ, ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯕꯔꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯔꯦꯟꯇꯤ ꯄꯤꯗꯦ꯫

ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯖ, ꯇꯦꯛ, ꯄꯤꯜ, ꯗꯥꯏ ꯀꯠꯄꯥ, ꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯞ, ꯔꯣꯜ ꯐꯤꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯦꯁ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁꯀꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯁꯔꯚꯥꯏꯚꯜ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯦꯛꯁꯟ, ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠꯅꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯔꯤꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ UID, TID, E PC , NDEF, ꯄꯥꯁꯋꯥꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯕꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯨꯚ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯕꯜ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯅꯤꯛ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇ, ꯄꯤꯆ, ꯋꯦꯕ ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯏꯟꯃꯦꯟꯇ, ꯋꯥꯏꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ, ꯀꯣꯔ, ꯁ꯭ꯞꯂꯥꯏꯁ, ꯕꯦꯗ-ꯇꯦꯒ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯤꯡ, ꯁꯤꯠ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧ꯫

ꯍꯣꯂꯁꯦꯜ RFID ꯏꯟꯂꯦ s ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯋꯥꯂꯤꯁ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ?

ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯇꯦꯗ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯀꯐ꯭ꯂꯣ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯋꯦꯠ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

HF / NFC ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ UHF ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ

ꯋꯥꯂꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯁꯤꯡ, ꯔꯤꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯦꯃꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ISO /IEC 14443, ISO /IEC 15693 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ E PC Gen2 ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯅ-ꯅꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ꯫

ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ, ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ, ꯔꯣꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯤꯠ ꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ, ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯛꯕꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯑꯦꯕꯜ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ꯫

NDEF, E PC , ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ, ꯄꯥꯁꯋꯥꯔꯗ, UID/TID ꯔꯤꯗꯤꯡ, QR ꯀꯣꯗ, ꯕꯥꯔꯀꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯃꯦꯆꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯅꯒꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯅ-ꯅꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯕꯜꯀ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯨꯕꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯗꯔ ꯏꯅꯀꯃꯄꯦꯇꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ, ꯋꯥꯏꯛ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ, ꯆꯨꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯠꯌꯨꯅꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯂꯁꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫

ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ-ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯖ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯜꯐ-ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯀꯟꯁꯠꯔꯛꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯗꯤꯡ, ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ RFID ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯁ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ-ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ, ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯦꯜ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯀꯠꯄꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ RFID ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ PVC , PET ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ PC ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ, ꯀꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ, ꯆꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ, ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ ꯂꯦꯑꯥꯎꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯅꯒꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫

HF / NFC ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ UHF ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯏ. ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯖ-ꯂꯦꯚꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ 13.56MHz ISO /IEC 14443, 13.56MHz ISO /IEC 15693 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ UHF ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

HF ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ UHF ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯔꯠ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯞ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ, ꯔꯤꯗꯔ, ꯔꯤꯖꯟ, ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ, ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫

NFC ꯐꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ UHF ꯔꯤꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ-ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ NFC ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ UHF ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯄꯔ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯦꯁ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯔ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ, ꯏꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯕꯟ, ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ​​ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯋꯥꯂꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯗ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯝ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯏꯝꯄꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁ, ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯗ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ, ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ, ꯇꯦꯒ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯚꯤꯌꯨ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤ ꯆꯤꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ NTAG, MIFARE, DESFire, ICODE, F08, NXP UCODE, Impinj ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐꯪꯐꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯋꯥꯂꯤꯁꯅꯥ UID, E PC , ꯄꯥꯁꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯨꯖꯔ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ-ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯤꯡ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯅ-ꯅꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ UID ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ-ꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ E PC , NDEF, ꯄꯥꯁꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯖꯔ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯍꯣꯏ. ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯚꯥꯔꯇꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯗ-ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯛ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯂꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?

ꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯄꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯄꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯅꯥ ꯄꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯠꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯂꯤꯁꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯞ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯇꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧ꯫

ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯇꯥꯏꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?

ꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯳–꯷ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯱꯰–꯲꯰ꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯣꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯅꯐꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯧ꯫

ꯀꯔꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ?

ꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯄꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯤꯖꯨꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯉꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯆꯦꯖ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯦꯐ., ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ, ꯔꯣꯜ, ꯂꯦꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫

ꯀꯣꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯏꯅꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯦ?

ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯃꯈꯜ, ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯟꯁꯤ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯜ, ꯆꯤꯞ, ꯔꯤꯗꯔ, ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ, ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯂꯦ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ, ꯔꯣꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯠ, ꯑꯦꯅꯀꯣꯗꯤꯡ, ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯟꯇꯤꯇꯤ, ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯥꯕꯥ꯫