Teslin® synthetic krataa a wɔde yɛ RFID, kwan a wɔfa so kɔ hɔ, ahɔhodan, asɔremma ne ID nkrataa a ahobammɔ wom. Amanneɛbɔ grade, thickness, krataa kɛse ne twa, ne nhwɛsode ma tintim, lamination ne OEM card sɔhwɛ wiase nyinaa.
kaad ho nsɛm
WALLIS na ɔkyerɛwee
| Nneɛma a wɔde yɛe: | |
|---|---|
| Ne kɛse: | |
| Nea wɔde tintim nhoma: | |
| Nea ɛwɔ hɔ: | |
| Dodow: | |
Wallis de Teslin® synthetic paper ma RFID card manufacturing , ID adansedi nkrataa a ahobammɔ wom, akwan a wɔfa so kɔ hɔ, ahɔhodan mu safe kaad, asɔremma kaad, smart card ne laminated card nneɛma. Ne microporous nhyehyɛe no boa tintim a ɛkorɔn, laminate anchorage a ɛyɛ den ne cushioning twa embedded chips ne antennas ho hyia.
Wɔ B2B kaad ayɛfo, adansedi nkrataa a wɔyɛ, RFID converters ne tintim nnwumakuw fam no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔpaw Teslin substrate grade a ɛfata sɛnea tintim nhyehyɛe, laminate nhyehyɛe, kaad a wɔawie ne nea wɔde di dwuma awiei ahwehwɛde ahorow te. Wallis boa amanneɛbɔ krataa akɛse, thickness paw, nhwɛsode a ɛfata, twa ne export packaging.
Nneɛma a wɔde kyerɛ: TESLIN® yɛ PPG Industries aguadi agyiraehyɛde a wɔakyerɛw din. Ɛsɛ sɛ adetɔfo si so dua sɛ ebia nsɛm a wɔafa aka no fa PPG TESLIN® substrate ankasa, ade pɔtee no grade ne nneɛma a ɛfoa so ho nkrataa ho anaa. Ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde 'Teslin krataa' di dwuma sɛ nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛfa nneɛma nyinaa ho ma nkrataa a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a ɛnyɛ nea ɛfa ho.
| Parameter | B2B Nkyerɛkyerɛmu Akwankyerɛ |
|---|---|
| Adwadeɛ | Microporous polyolefin a egyina synthetic kaad substrate so; nokware PPG TESLIN® abasobɔde a ɛsɛ sɛ wosi so dua wɔ nsɛm a wɔafa aka ne nhwɛsode a wɔapene so no mu. |
| Standard Krataa no Kɛse | A4 210 × 297mm fi mprempren ade no ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu; wobetumi ahwɛ nkrataa a wɔde yɛ kaad a wɔayɛ no sɛnea wɔpɛ no mu. |
| Nneɛma a ɛyɛ den | Mprempren Wallis kratafa a ɛwɔ hɔ: microns 100–300. Nea etwa to a ɛwɔ hɔ no mu duru gyina Teslin grade a wɔapaw, stock format ne nsakrae ahwehwɛde so. |
| Ani | White matte microporous a ɛwɔ soro; wobetumi akyerɛ gyinapɛn, ɔhyew a ɛyɛ den, inkjet-coated, digital-print anaa ahobammɔ grades sɛnea adwuma no kyerɛ. |
| Nhoma tintim | Offset, screen, flexographic, gravure, thermal transfer, laser, inkjet ne dijitaal nhyehyɛe a wɔapaw, a egyina grade ne nnwinnade ahwehwɛde so. |
| Lamination a wɔde yɛ nneɛma | Ɛne platen anaa roll lamination hyia bere a ɛne laminate a wɔapene so hyia no, ɔhyew, nhyɛso, bere a ɛtra hɔ ne onwini kyinhyia. |
| Kaad Nhyehyɛe Ahorow | Kaad a wɔatintim, mfinimfini substrate anaa cushioning layer a wɔaka abom ne PVC, PET, PETG, PC, overlays, RFID inlays, magnetic stripes anaa nneɛma afoforo a wɔapene so. |
| Nneɛma a wɔyɛ no sɛnea wɔpɛ | Krataa no nsusuwii, ne kɛse/ade, nea wɔatwa, ɔkwan a wɔfa so tintim, laminate a wɔde bom, nea wɔde kyekyere, nkyerɛwde ne nhwehwɛmu ahwehwɛde. |
| Nwoma a Ɛyɛ Paara | Nneɛma a wɔde kyerɛ, lot ho nsɛm, specification krataa, nhwehwɛmu amanneɛbɔ ne nkrataa afoforo a ɛhyɛ supply scope a wɔahyɛ no den no ase. |
Teslin substrate nyɛ cellulose krataa a wɔtaa de di dwuma. Ɛyɛ ade a wɔde polyolefin ayɛ a ɛwɔ ɔfa biako, microporous, a wɔahyɛ no ma kɛse a wɔde polyolefin ayɛ. Ne porous matrix no gye inks, toners, adhesives, coatings ne laminates kɔ ɔdan no mu sen sɛ ebegyaw wɔn wɔ baabi a ɛyɛ torotoro nkutoo.
Saa nhyehyɛe yi betumi ama print anchorage, laminate bonding ne resistance to data removal atu mpɔn. Ɛbɛtumi nso ama cushioning atwa RFID chips, antenna connections ne embedded electronics foforɔ ho ahyia berɛ a wɔayɛ card construction no nyinaa yie.
RFID dwumadie no nam chip, antenna, inlay nhyehyeɛ ne akenkanfoɔ protocol a wɔapaw no so na ɛma. Teslin ne ade a wotumi tintim anaasɛ ɛyɛ nhyehyɛe a atwa saa nneɛma no ho ahyia. Enti ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde LFID, HF, NFC anaa UHF inlay ankasa, laminate nhyehyɛe ne akenkanfo nhyehyɛe no di ho adanse.
Nneɛma din te sɛ SP, TS, IJWP, Digital ne Security Grade kyerɛkyerɛ adwumayɛ botae ahorow mu. '100–300 micron Teslin krataa' nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛyɛ generic no nnɔɔso mma adwumayɛ ho pene. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkyerɛw grade, nominal thickness, krataa akwankyerɛ, ɔkwan a wɔfa so tintim ne laminate nhyehyɛe no wɔ nkyerɛkyerɛmu a wɔapene so no mu.

| Grade Category | Dwumadie a ɛtaa ba | Kaad-Adwuma no ho nsusuiɛ |
|---|---|---|
| SP Standard Grade a ɛwɔ hɔ | General-purpose print ne laminated dwumadie. | Si SP grade nɔma pɔtee, ne kɛse, ink nhyehyɛe ne laminate adhesion so dua denam production sɔhwɛ ahorow so. |
| TS Wɔde Ɔhyew a Ɛyɛ Den | Nnwuma a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ ɔhyew-shrinkage so denneennen. | Mfaso wɔ so bere a tintim dinkyerɛw, krataa a ɛyɛ tratraa anaasɛ ɔhyew a wɔde hyɛ mu mpɛn pii no ho hia kɛse; hwɛ sɛ lamination cycle a edi mũ no yɛ nokware. |
| IJWP Inkjet Nhwehwɛmu | Dye-based inkjet imaging a ɛwɔ afã abien a wɔayɛ no yiye a wɔde kata so. | Mfa no sɛ standard uncoated grade bɛma ink holdout, drying anaa nsuo a ɛko tia saa ara. |
| Digital Print Grade a Wɔde Di Dwuma | Digitals press platforms pɔtee anaa electrophotographic nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛfata. | Ɛsɛ sɛ printa model, blanket temperature, toner/ink adhesion ne runnability fata. |
| Ahobammɔ Grade | Secure credentials a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde embedded anaa program pɔtee ahobammɔ nneɛma. | Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsi so dua sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ, tumi krataa, nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma so ne adwuma no ho nkrataa wɔ ɔkwan soronko so. |
| Krataa a Wɔde Nneɛma Ayɛ a Ɛyɛ Pɛ | Nneɛma foforo a wɔde microporous anaasɛ nea wɔde akata so a wɔde yɛ nneɛma. | Ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔtɔn sɛ Teslin ankasa gye sɛ wɔde ma wɔ mmara kwan so ahyɛnsode ne grade identification ase. |
Teslin substrate boa tintim mfiridwuma ahorow pii, nanso grade a ɛfata no yɛ nhyehyɛe pɔtee bi. Ɛsɛ sɛ kaad adwumayɛbea ahorow sɔ mfonini no density, dot gain, drying anaa curing, toner adhesion, variable-data quality, registration ne post-lamination appearance hwɛ ansa na wɔapene bulk material so.
| Printing Process | Recommended Qualification | Asiane Titiriw a Ɛsɛ sɛ Wɔhwɛ |
|---|---|---|
| Offset Lithography a Wɔde Kyerɛw Nsɛm | Si ink series, drying kwan, total ink coverage ne krataa a wɔde ma no so dua. | Set-off, ink absorption kari pɛ, kɔla density ne distortion akyi lamination. |
| Screen Printing a Wɔde Kyerɛw Nsɛm | Validate ink chemistry, mesh, deposit thickness ne curing tebea horow. | Blocking, brittle ink layers ne laminate bonding wɔ ink a emu yɛ duru a wɔde kata so. |
| Laser / Toner a Ɛyɛ Dry | Fa abasobɔde a ɛfata ma printa ne fusing-temperature range pɛpɛɛpɛ di dwuma. | Curl, shrinkage, toner offset, jamming ne toner a ɛbata ho. |
| Inkjet a Wɔde Dye Ayɛ | Kyerɛ inkjet grade a ɛfata te sɛ IJWP wɔ baabi a ɛho hia. | Mogya a ɛtɔ, ɛdɔɔso dodo, bere a ɛyow, kɔla a ɛyɛ den ne nsu a ɛko tia. |
| HP Indigo / Digitals Nsɛmma Nhoma Tintimbea | Si abasobɔde a wɔapene so ne press model pɔtee no so dua. | Blanket a ɛne ne ho hyia, adwumayɛ mfɛnsere, ink transfer ne adhesion. |
| Ɔhyew a Wɔde Kɔ baabi foforo ne Data a Ɛsakra | Sɔ ribbon su hwɛ, tintim ahoɔden, barcode grade ne abrasion resistance. | Edge nkyerɛase a enye, nsonsonoe a ɛba fam anaasɛ data a ɛsɛe bere a wɔreyɛ lamination. |
Mmara a ɛfa ahwehwɛde ho: 'Offset / screen / digital compatible' nkyerɛ sɛ abasobɔde biako fata ankasa ma printa biara. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔpene so a etwa to no de adetɔfo no printa ankasa, ink anaa toner, adwinni a wɔde kata so ne ahoɔhare a wɔde yɛ no di dwuma.
RFID a wɔtaa de di dwuma anaa adansedi krataa a ahobammɔ wom betumi de Teslin layers a wɔatintim ne inlay a enni contact ne abɔnten so ahobammɔ films abom. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhyehyɛe a etwa to no sɛ nhyehyɛe a edi mũ sen sɛ wɔbɛsɔ krataa a wɔde ayɛ no nkutoo ahwɛ.
| Layer | Typical Dwumadie | Mpeneebɔ Beaeɛ |
|---|---|---|
| Anim Kataso anaa Laminate | Ɛbɔ tintim ho ban na ebetumi akura holographic, UV anaa soro ahobammɔ nneɛma. | Clarity, bonding, abrasion, curling ne personalization a ɛne ne ho hyia. |
| Teslin Layer a Wɔatintim wɔ Anim | Ɔde mfonini, nsɛm, mfonini, barcode, QR code ne ahobammɔ tintim. | Print grade, dinkyerɛw, mfonini no su ne laminate adhesion. |
| RFID Inlay / Chip ne Antenna a wɔde hyɛ mu | Ɛma ɛlɛtrɔnik adwuma a enni nkitahodi. | Frequency, protocol, antenna gyinabea, chip sorokɔ, akenkan kwan ne encoding. |
| Akyi a Wɔatintim Teslin Layer | Ɛkari pɛ wɔ adansi no mu na ɛde mfonini anaa data a ɛwɔ akyi. | Aburow/kwankyerɛ, thickness symmetry ne print-lamination a ɛne ne ho hyia. |
| Akyi Kataso anaa Laminate | Ɛma ahobammɔ ne nea etwa to kaad no ani adwumayɛ. | Peel ahoɔden, scratch resistance ne magnetic stripe/signature panel a ɛne ne ho hyia. |
Ɛsɛ sɛ laminate no ne Teslin grade, print process ne finished-card thickness hyia. Ɛsɛ sɛ card adwumayɛbea ahorow hwɛ laminate chemistry, thickness, melting anaa activation range ne peel adwumayɛ a etwa to. Ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔfa no sɛ lamination recipe koro no ara ma PVC, PET, PETG ne PC cover films.
Ɔhyew a ɛboro so anaasɛ bere a wɔde tra hɔ no betumi ama shrinkage, curl, image movement anaa RFID component stress aba. Ɔhyew anaa nhyɛso a ɛnnɔɔso betumi ama nkitahodi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Kyerɛw platen anaa roll hyew, nhyɛso, bere a ɛtra hɔ, bere a ɛyɛ nwini ne stack adansi bere a wɔrepene nhwɛsode so no.
Afei lamination, hwɛ card flatness, edge integrity, corner quality, thickness, flex resistance ne ɛlɛtrɔnik adwumayɛ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsan yɛ RFID akenkan sɔhwɛ ahorow wɔ lamination ne die cutting akyi efisɛ antenna tuning ne chip connections betumi anya nkɛntɛnso wɔ card nhyehyɛe a etwa to no so.

Wɔde Teslin substrate di dwuma wɔ baabi a print durability, laminate bonding ne embedded data anaa electronics ahobammɔ ho hia. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔpene material grade a ɛfata ne card construction a edi mũ so wɔ bere biara a wɔde bedi dwuma awiei no mu.
RFID access control cards ne adwumayɛfoɔ adansedie nkrataa
NFC asɔremma, nokwaredi ne ahɔho-som nkrataa
Ahɔhodan mu safe nkrataa ne lock-system chip a wɔakyerɛ no hyia
Fa ID card, tumi krataa ne aban adansedi nkrataa a ahobammɔ wom
Insurance, nhomakorabea, akwahosan ne nhomasua nkrataa
Event passes, key tags ne badge a wɔde laminated ayɛ a ɛyɛ den
Smart card a ɛwɔ chips, antenna, magnetic stripes anaa barcodes
Katua ne aban nhyehyeɛ: ɛsɛ sɛ wɔfata ma sikakorabea nkrataa, aban adansedie krataa anaa ahobanbɔ nhyehyɛeɛ a wɔahyɛ ho mmara denam nea ɔde maeɛ no mfiridwuma ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu, ahobanbɔ ahwehwɛdeɛ ne adansedie a wɔhwehwɛ so. Nneɛma a wɔpaw nkutoo nkyerɛ sɛ wodi mmara so.
| Nhwehwɛmu Ade | Nea Ɛsɛ sɛ Wosi so dua |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Nnipa | Brand, product grade, lot number ne nkrataa a ɛfoa so. |
| Thickness ne Basis Weight | Nominal value, abodwokyɛre a wɔpene so ne ɔkwan a wɔfa so susuw. |
| Krataa no Nsusuwii | Ne tenten, ne tɛtrɛtɛ, ne ahinanan, ne ano tebea ne ne kwan a wɔfa so twa. |
| Mmaeɛ | Fitaa, ɔfasuo a ɛyɛ pɛ, mfutuma, agyiraehyɛde, nwi ne efĩ. |
| Nhoma tintim | Kɔla dodow, mfonini no nsusuwii, barcode akenkan, toner/ink a ɛbata ho ne nea ɛyow. |
| Lamination a wɔde yɛ nneɛma | Peel ahoɔden, bubbles, silvering, curl, shrinkage ne aniwa a wɔkyinkyim. |
| RFID Adwumayɛ | Chip mmuae, akenkan kwan, encoding, UID / data nokwaredi ne post-lamination aba. |
| Kaad a Wɔawie | Thickness, flatness, flex, edge quality, abrasion ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia sɔhwɛ a adetɔfo no hwehwɛ. |
Fa adwuma no ho nsɛm kɔma: kaad a wɔde di dwuma, ne kɛse a wɔawie, layer nhyehyɛe, printa mfonini, laminate ne RFID inlay.
Si nneɛma a wɔde yɛ no so dua: Teslin brand tebea ankasa, grade, ne kɛse, krataa kɛse ne nkrataa a wɔhwehwɛ.
Tu tintim sɔhwɛ ahorow: hwɛ mfonini no su, data a ɛsakra, barcode ne ink anaa toner adhesion.
Run lamination trials: kyerɛw ɔhyew, nhyɛso, tra ne onwini aduannoa nyinaa.
Sɔ kaad a wɔawie hwɛ: hwɛ peel, flex, die cutting, hwɛbea ne RFID adwumayɛ.
Pene Sika Nhwɛsode no so: fa nhwɛsode a wɔde wɔn nsa ahyɛ ase ne nkyerɛkyerɛmu a wɔapene so no di dwuma sɛ ade a wɔyɛ no kɛse ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu.
| Nsɛm a Wɔhwehwɛ | Nhwɛsode |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma a Wɔhwehwɛ | PPG TESLIN® ankasa anaasɛ nea ɛne no sɛ a wɔapene so; SP, TS, IJWP, Digital anaa Ahobammɔ Grade. |
| Ne Kɛse ne Ne Kɛse | Nominal micron / mil, A4 anaa amanne krataa nsusuwii, twa abodwokyɛre ne dodow. |
| Nnwinnade a Wɔde Tintim Nsɛm | Offset press, screen line, laser printa, inkjet mfonini, HP Indigo anaa dijitaal press foforo. |
| Kaad a Wɔyɛ | Anim / akyi laminate, Teslin layers, RFID inlay, magnetic stripe, signature panel ne awiei koraa no kɛse. |
| RFID Nhyehyɛe | Chip, frequency, protocol, antenna nhyehyeɛ, akenkanfoɔ nhwɛsoɔ, encoding ne botaeɛ akenkan kwan. |
| Sɔhwɛ ne Nwoma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma | TDS, nhwehwɛmu amanneɛbɔ, nhwɛsoɔ dodoɔ, mmara sodi ho mpaemuka ne lot traceability. |
| Aguadi Ho Nsɛm | Sɔhwɛ dodow, afe afe ahwehwɛde, baabi a wɔde bɛkɔ, nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere ne Incoterm. |
Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔbɔ nkratafa ho ban fi mfutuma, nsu, anoano a ɛsɛe, kotow ne ɔhyew a wontumi nni so bere a wɔde sie na wɔde rekɔ no ho. Nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma no betumi ayɛ emu nneɛma a wɔatoto mu, nnaka a ɛyɛ den, pallet ahobammɔ, amanne kwan so nkyerɛwde ne lot identification sɛnea ahyɛde a wɔapene so no te.
Ma nneɛma no nyɛ petee wɔ nea wɔde ahyɛ mu mfiase no mu na ma ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata wɔ nhoma tintim dan no mu ansa na woabue. Ɛsɛ sɛ tebea pɔtee a wɔde sie ne akwankyerɛ a wɔde ma wɔ bere a wɔde bɛkora so no di grade nkrataa a wɔagye atom ne nea wɔde ma no ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu akyi.

Wallis boa kaad yɛfo ne converters denam nneɛma a wɔpaw, amanne krataa twitwa, nhwɛsode sɔhwɛ ne biako-gyinabea nkitahodi ma card core nkrataa, overlays, RFID inlays ne wie-kard nhyehyɛe.
Mfiridwuma ho nkɔmmɔbɔ a egyina printa, laminate ne RFID nhyehyɛe ankasa so
Amanne krataa kɛse, thickness paw, twa ne packaging mmoa
Nhwɛsode ne Sika Nhwɛsode a wɔpene so ansa na wɔayɛ no kɛse
Nkitahodi a ɛfa kaad substrates, overlays, inlays ne kaad nneɛma a ɛfa ho
Export packaging, shipment marking ne adwuma no ho nkrataa mmoa

Dabi TESLIN® yɛ PPG ahyɛnsode a wɔakyerɛw din a wɔde yɛ microporous, polyolefin-based synthetic substrate pɔtee bi. Nkrataa afoforo a wɔayɛ no betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ, tintim suban ne lamination adwumayɛ.
Teslin substrate no yɛ PPG na ɛyɛ. Wallis betumi ayɛ adwuma sɛ obi a ɔde kaad-nneɛma ma anaasɛ ɔsakra nneɛma. Ɛsɛ sɛ asɛm a wɔafa aka no kyerɛ pefee sɛ brand, grade, thickness ne nkrataa a ɛfoa so a ɛka supply scope no ho.
Mmuae no gyina printa, laminate, thermal cycle, card nhyehyɛe ne ahobammɔ ahwehwɛde ahorow so. SP, TS, IJWP, Digital ne Security abasobɔde ahorow no di atirimpɔw ahorow ho dwuma, enti ɛho hia sɛ wonya nhwɛsode a ɛfata.
Yiw, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wɔpaw abasobɔde a ɛfata. Ebia inkjet dwumadie a egyina dye so bɛhia sɛ wɔde grade a wɔayɛ no yie a wɔde tintim te sɛ IJWP. Ɛsɛ sɛ wowie printa, ink, drying ne nsu a ɛko tia ho sɔhwɛ ansa na wɔayɛ.
grades a ɛfata betumi ayɛ laser printable, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsɔ printa mfonini pɔtee, fusing temperature, krataa a ɛyɛ den, curl ne toner adhesion hwɛ. Generic compatibility claims nnɔɔso mma production approval.
Dabi Teslin ne kaad substrate a wotumi tintim anaasɛ wɔde yɛ nhyehyɛe. RFID dwumadie no firi chip ne antenna inlay a ɛyɛ soronko a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔpaw ma frequency, protocol ne reader system a wɔhwehwɛ.
Ne microporous nhyehyɛe no betumi ama cushioning wɔ laminated credential a wɔayɛ no yiye mu. Ahobammɔ da so ara gyina chip sorokɔ, antenna nhyehyɛe, laminate a wɔpaw, nhyɛso, ɔhyew ne sɔhwɛ a wɔawie-kaad so.
Dabi, ebetumi asi PVC ananmu anaasɛ ɛbɛboa wɔ adan bi mu, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ sɛnea kaad no yɛ den, ne kɛse, sɛnea wɔde tintim, laminate chemistry, nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a ɛda adi ne mmara mu ahwehwɛde ahorow mu ma adwuma biara.
Nneɛma a wɔde ayɛ no yɛ nea nsu ne nsu ntumi nkɔ mu, nanso sɛnea kaad a etwa to no kyɛ no nso gyina tintim, laminate nsɔano, anoano a wɔatwa, nneɛma a wɔde nkata so ne nneɛma a wɔde ahyɛ mu so.
Wobetumi ahwɛ sɛnea wɔtwa krataa a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ ne sɛnea wɔpaw ne kɛse. Nneɛma a ɛwɔ hɔ no gyina Teslin grade a wɔapaw, master-sheet format, order dodow ne cutting requirements so.
Ɛsɛ sɛ adetɔfo sɔ tintim su, toner anaa ink adhesion, lamination peel, shrinkage, curl, die cutting, finished-card flex ne RFID akenkan adwumayɛ hwɛ denam mfiri ankasa a wɔyɛ no so.
Fa brand ne grade a wɔhwehwɛ, thickness, krataa kɛse, printer model, laminate nhyehyɛe, RFID chip ne antenna, dodow, nkrataa ahiade, packaging ne delivery destination ma.
Fi Yɛn Dwumadi no ase